Imifuno ye-Aogubio iphumelele iimvavanyo zoluhlu olupheleleyo lwezinto ezingcolileyo zanamhlanje. Uvavanyo lubandakanya uhlalutyo lwesinyithi esinzima, izibulali-zinambuzane eziyingozi, i-sulphur dioxide, i-aflatoxins.
Isatifikethi soHlalutyo (COA) senziwa ngebhetshi nganye yemifuno. I-COA ibhala umgangatho obalaseleyo weencindi zawo zamachiza.
Iintlobo zoQinisekiso
Ukuqinisekiswa kukuzimisela kweentlobo ezichanekileyo, imvelaphi kunye nomgangatho wezityalo zaseTshayina. Inkqubo yokuqinisekiswa kwe-Aogubio ijolise ekuthinteleni ukusetyenziswa kwemifuno engabonakaliyo, nokuba kukuchongwa okuphosakeleyo okanye ukutshintshwa kweemveliso zokulinganisa.
Indlela yokuqinisekisa ye-Aogubio ayifani kuphela emva kweencwadi zesiseko ze-TCM, kodwa ngokuhambelana nemigangatho ethile yelizwe ngalinye kumgangatho kunye neendlela zokuhlola. Indlela yokuqinisekisa ikwasebenzisa itekhnoloji ekhankanyiweyo ukukhangela imvelaphi echanekileyo kunye neentlobo zezityalo zaseTshayina.
I-Aogubio yenza ezi ndlela zilandelayo zokuqinisekisa kwimifuno eluhlaza:
1.Imbonakalo
2.Uhlalutyo lweMicroscopic
3.Ukuchongwa ngokomzimba/kwekhemikhali
4.Ushicilelo lweminwe lweChemical
I-Aogubio isebenzisa ubuchule be-Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), iHigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), kunye neGas chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) ukuqinisekisa uhlobo lwesazisi samayeza. .
Ukufunyanwa kweSulfur Dioxide
I-Aogubio ithatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukufuthwa kwesulfure ekubeni igalelwe kwimifuno yayo ekrwada. I-Aogubio ithatha amanyathelo amaninzi okukhusela ukugcina i-sulfur fumigation kwimifuno yayo, kuba inokubeka emngciphekweni umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lweemveliso zemifuno.
Amaqela alawula umgangatho we-Aogubio ahlalutya amayeza e-sulphur dioxide. I-Aogubio isebenzisa ezi ndlela zilandelayo: i-aerated-oxidization, i-iodine titration, i-spectroscopy yokufunxa i-athomu kunye nokuthelekisa umbala ngokuthe ngqo. I-Aogubio isebenzisa indlela ye-Rankine yohlalutyo lwentsalela yesulfure dioxide. Kule ndlela, isampuli yemifuno iphendulwa nge-asidi kwaye emva koko i-distilled. I-sulphur dioxide ifunxwa kwi-oxidized Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2). Isiseko se-sulfuric esinesiphumo sifakwe i-titrated ngesiseko esisemgangathweni. Imibala ephumayo imisela isiqulatho sesulfure: uhlaza lomnquma lubonisa ukuba akukho ntsalela yesulfure eneoksijini ngelixa umbala obomvu-obomvu ubonisa ubukho be-asidi yesulfuric eneoksijini.
Ukufunyanwa kweNtsalela Yezitshabalalisi
Izitshabalalisi zemichiza zihlelwa ngokubanzi ngokwe-organochlorine, i-organophosphate, i-carbamate kunye ne-pyrethin. Kwezi, izibulali-zinambuzane ze-organochlorine zinembali ende yokusetyenziswa, zinamandla kakhulu ekusebenzeni, kwaye zikwayeyona iyingozi kwimpilo yabantu. Nangona uninzi lwezitshabalalisi ze-organochlorine sele zithintelwe ngumthetho, indalo yazo eqhubekayo iyakuchasa ukuqhekeka kwaye inokuhlala kwindawo ixesha elide emva kokusetyenziswa. I-Aogubio ithatha indlela ebanzi yokuvavanya izibulali-zinambuzane.
Iilebhu ze-Aogubio azivavanyi nje iikhompawundi zemichiza kwisibulali-zinambuzane ngokwazo, kodwa zikwavavanya iikhompawundi zemichiza eziphuma kwimveliso. Uhlalutyo lwezitshabalalisi kufuneka lulindele zonke iinguqu ezinokuba yingozi kwikhemikhali eziveliswe kwisityalo ukuze zisebenze ngokwenene. Ubuchule obusetyenziswayo ngokubanzi ukubona iintsalela zezitshabalalisi zi-thith-layer chromatography (TLC) okanye i-gas chromatography. I-TLC isetyenziswa kwiimeko ezininzi kuba ilula kwaye kulula ukuyenza. Ukanti i-KP igxininisa ekusebenziseni ichromatography yerhasi ngenxa yobuntununtunu obuphezulu, ukuchaneka, kunye neziphumo ezithembeke ngakumbi.
Ukufunyanwa kweAflatoxin
I-Aspergillus flavus yifungus eyenzeka kwizitshabalalisi, umhlaba, umbona, amandongomane, ifula kunye namalungu esilwanyana. I-Aspergillus flavus ikwafunyenwe kwimifuno yaseTshayina efana ne-corydalis (yan hu suo), i-cyperus (xiang fu) kunye ne-jujube (da zao). Ikhula kakuhle ngakumbi kumaqondo obushushu angama-77–86°F, ukufuma okunxulumeneyo ngaphezu kwe-75% kunye nenqanaba le-pH elingaphezu kwe-5.6. Umngundo unokukhula ngokwenyani kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi njenge 54° kodwa angeke abe yingozi.
I-Aogubio inyanzelisa imigangatho engqongqo yolawulo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Uvavanyo lwe-Aflatoxin lwenziwa kuwo onke amayeza asengozini yokosulela. I-Aogubio ixabisa imifuno ekumgangatho ophezulu, kwaye imifuno enamazinga e-Aflatoxin angamkelekanga ayalahlwa. Le migangatho engqongqo igcina imifuno ikhuselekile kwaye iyasebenza kubathengi.
Ukufunyanwa kwentsimbi enzima
Imifuno isetyenziswe ngamayeza e-China kangangamawaka eminyaka. Kumakhulu eminyaka eyadlulayo, imifuno ikhule ngokwendalo, ngaphandle komngcipheko wokungcoliswa zizinambuzane okanye ezinye izinto ezingcolisayo. Ngoshishino lwezolimo kunye nokwandiswa kweshishini lemichiza, imeko itshintshile. Inkunkuma yamashishini kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane zinokongeza imichiza eyingozi kwimifuno. Kwanenkunkuma engathanga ngqo - efana nemvula eneasidi kunye namanzi aphantsi komhlaba angcolisekileyo - inokutshintsha ngokuyingozi imifuno. Kunye nokukhula kweshishini, ingozi yesinyithi esinzima kwimifuno iye yaba yinkxalabo enkulu.
Iimethali ezinzima zibhekisa kwizinto zekhemikhali zetsimbi ezinoxinano oluphezulu kwaye zinetyhefu kakhulu. I-Aogubio ithatha amanyathelo okhuseleko ukuphicotha iimveliso zababoneleli bayo ukuze ithintele iintsimbi ezinzima. Nje ukuba imifuno ifikelele kwi-Aogubio, ihlalutywa njengemifuno eluhlaza kwaye ihlalutywe kwakhona emva kokulungiswa ngendlela yeegranules.
I-Aogubio isebenzisa i-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) ukukhangela iintsimbi ezintlanu ezinzima ezibeka ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yabantu: ilothe, ubhedu, i-cadmium, i-arsenic kunye ne-mercury. Ngobuninzi obugqithisileyo nganye yezi zinyithi zinzima ibeka impilo engozini ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
