Kedu ihe bụ nicotinamide?

Kedu ihe bụ nicotinamide?

Nicotinamide, nke a makwaara dị ka niacinamide ma ọ bụ nicotinic acid amide, bụ vitamin B3 na-arụ ọrụ nke na-agbaze mmiri. A na-amụbawanye ya maka ọtụtụ ihe ngosi dị iche iche na mpagharadermatology, ma a chọkwuru nnyocha iji dokwuo anya uru ọ bara.

Nicotinamide na-adị n'ụdị dị nta na yist, anụ na-esighị ike, azụ, mkpụrụ na mkpo. A na-etinyekarịkwa ya na ọka na nri ndị ọzọ. Nicotinamide ọnụ dị ka 20-30 mg na ngwakọta multivitamin, yana n'onwe ya dị ka mbadamba 500-mg dị ọnụ ala. E tinyekwala ya n'ọtụtụisiokwundị ọrụ gụnyere sunscreens na ihe ịchọ mma.

Kedu ka nicotinamide si arụ ọrụ?

Enwere ike ịkọwa mmetụta dị ukwuu nke nicotinamide site na ọrụ ya dị ka:

• Acellularike precursor
• Onye modulator nkemkpasu iwe cytokines
• Aihe mgbochinkenuklia enzymepoly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose [ADP]) polymerase [PARP], nke na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu naDNAmmezi, mmezi nke nkwụsi ike genomic, na nzaghachi cellular maka mmerụ ahụ gụnyerembufụtnaapoptosis(cell ọnwụ).

Kedu ihe a na-eji nicotinamide eme ihe?

Vitamin B3 dị mkpa maka ahụike dị mma; erughi oke na-eduga n'ọrịa siri ike, pellagra. Enwere ike iji nicotinamide ọnụ ọnụ mee ihe nke ọma iji gwọọ pellagra.

Nicotinamide eji dị ka ọgwụ nwere ike ịbara anụ ahụ uru n'ụzọ dị iche iche.

• Nicotinamide nweremgbochi mkpaliNjirimara, nke enwere ike iji maka ọgwụgwọ ọrịa bullous (blistering).
• O nwere ike imezi ihe otutu site n'omume mgbochi mkpali ya na site n'ibelata sebum.
• Ọ nwere ike melite ọrụ mgbochi akpụkpọ ahụ site na ibelata mfu mmiri site naepidermis(okpukpu akpụkpọ ahụ dị n'elu) si otú a na-amụba hydration akpụkpọ ahụ.
• A na-akọ na ọ na-eme ka ọdịdị ahụ dịkwuo mma, site na imeziwanye ihepigmentation, blotchiness na ọbara ọbara nke ịka nká; a na-eji ya eme ihe na ụfọdụcosmeceuticalngwaahịa.
• Ọ nwere ike ibelata keratoses actinic na ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa kansa anụ ahụ, ọkachasị carcinoma cell squamous.
• A na-eji ya agwọ ọrịa ọkụ ọkụ polymorphic.

Ọnọdụ akpụkpọ ahụ ejiri nicotinamide gwọọ ya

• nicotinamide nke ọnụ

Nnukwu pemphigoid

Ngwakọta nke nicotinamide ọnụ na tetracycline dị ka ọ bara uru ọzọsistemusteroid na ọgwụgwọ nke bullous pemphigoid. Ọ dị oberensiyana nchekwa karịa dapsone na prednisone.

N'ime ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu ule ụlọ ọgwụ na-emeghe na-atụnyere nchikota nke 500 mg nke nicotinamide, ugboro atọ kwa ụbọchị, na 500 mg nke tetracycline ugboro anọ kwa ụbọchị, na prednisone, na ndị ọrịa 20 nwere bullous pemphigoid, enwere nzaghachi ise zuru oke na nzaghachi ise. , na nicotinamide na tetracycline otu ma e jiri ya tụnyere otu nzaghachi zuru oke na nzaghachi ise n'ime otu prednisone, mgbe izu 8 gasịrị. Ndị ọrịa ise niile zuru oke na nicotinamide na tetracycline Group nọgidere na-enwere onwe ha n'enweghị ọrịa n'oge ọgwụ na-eme ihe n'ime ọnwa 10, ebe ndị ọrịa atọ nọ na otu prednisone nwere ọrịa na-efe efe ugboro ugboro na steroid tapering n'otu oge ahụ.

Ọrịa cancer anụ ahụ

PlaceboNnwale ndị a na-achịkwa egosiwo na ndị ọrịa nwere nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke anwụ mebiri na-ewere nicotinamide ọnụ bụ ndị nwere keratoses actinic buru ibu na carcinomas squamous cell nwere ike ịtụ anya mbelata ọnụ ọgụgụ ọhụrụ.ọnyaoge n'aga. Ihe akaebe enweghị njedebe.

Mmetụta ọjọọ nke nicotinamide ọnụ

A na-anabata nicotinamide ọnụ nke ọma na usoro onunu n'okpuru 3 g kwa ụbọchị. Ọ naghị akpata mgbakasị ahụ ma ọ bụ iwe iwe, n'adịghị ka nicotinic acid nke bu ya ụzọ. A kọwo na ọ na-abawanye ọsụsọ, na-ebuli shuga ọbara, na-akpatahypotension.

Ọgwụ dị elu nke nicotinamide nwere ike ibute ọgbụgbọ.

• Nicotinamide dị n'elu

Ihe otutu Nicotinamide, dị na n'eluude,jelna ụdị ọnụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Nicomide®), egosila na ọ dị irè na ikpochapụ ihe otutu. N'ime nnwale ụlọ ọgwụ a na-achịkwa, achọpụtara 4% nicotinamide gel ka ọ dị irè dị ka ọgwụ nje 1% clindamycin gel na ọgwụgwọ acne vulgaris na ndị ọrịa 76 nwere oke otutu. Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ kwubiri na ihe ndị na-egbochi mkpali nke nicotinamide nwere ike ime ka ọ nwee ihe ịga nke ọma na ihe otutu. Nicotinamide na-ebelatakwa mmepụta sebum ihu.Sebumna-ahụ maka ihicha ihu ma na-enye aka na comedones na-adịghị ere ọkụ na ọnya ihe otutu. Nsonaazụ nke ụlọ ọgwụ a na-achịkwa nke ọma na Caucasian na ụmụ nwanyị Japan egosila na itinye 2% nicotinamide moisturizer na ihu maka izu 4-6 na-ebelata mmepụta sebum na nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ncha ihu na mmanu mmanu.

A na-ere Nicotinamide gel dị ka ihenyefe n'akaọgwụgwọ maka otutu na Canada, Australia, NZ, UK, USA na Ireland. Ọ bụrụ na ngwa a na-eme ugboro abụọ kwa ụbọchị na-ebute oke ihicha akpụkpọ ahụ, mmadụ nwere ike ibelata otu ugboro n'ụbọchị, ma ọ bụ ụbọchị ọ bụla ọzọ.

Rosacea

Ihe ịrịba ama ụlọ ọgwụ na ihe mgbaàmà nke rosacea gụnyere ụbara akpụkpọ anụ ahụ, ọbara ọbara na nghọta. N'ime opekata mpe ọmụmụ abụọ, egosila moisturizers nwere nicotinamide iji meziwanye ọrụ mgbochi akpụkpọ ahụ na ndị ọrịa rosacea, na-eduga n'ibelata mmeghachi omume namgbakasị ahụgụnyere ihe nchacha na ihe ịchọ mma.

Nicotinamide na-eje ozi dị ka ihe mmalite nke nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) na nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), nke na-ejikọta ọnụ.enzymes(ndị nkuzi nkeenzymaticmmeghachi omume) dị mkpa maka ọtụtụ ụzọ metabolic. Ndị a co-enzymes na-ekere òkè n'ime ahụmetabolismnkeglucose, cellular ume mmepụta, nanjikọnkelipids.Ọkwa nke NADH / NADPH (ụdị NAD na NADP belatara) na-ebelata ka afọ na nicotinamide dị n'elu na-egosi na ọ na-atụgharị mbelata ahụ. N'ime ọtụtụ ọmụmụ ụlọ ọgwụ, nicotinamide dị n'elu kwalitere ahịrị dị mma na wrinkles, ntụpọ hyperpigmented, blotchiness na-acha ọbara ọbara, na sallowness akpụkpọ (acha edo edo) yana nhịahụ. Otu nnyocha gosiri nicotinamide na-amụba mmepụta akpụkpọ nkeceramides, nke bụ ihe na-eme ka anụ ahụ na-eme ka anụ ahụ dịkwuo mma, si otú a na-eme ka hydration dịkwuo mma.

Akpuo ìsì abụọ, placebo-achịkwa, gbawara n'etiti ihu, aka ekpe-nri,randomizedỌmụmụ ihe izu iri na abụọ na ụmụ nwanyị 50 tụlere mmetụta 5% nke nicotinamide n'elu n'ihe ịrịba ama dị iche iche nke ịka nká akpụkpọ ahụ. Ndị nchọpụta ahụ kwuru na nicotinamide dị n'elu butere mmụba dị ukwuu na ahịrị dị mma / wrinkles, pigmentation, udidi na blotchiness na-acha uhie uhie. Ndị Proctor na Gamble kwadoro ọmụmụ ihe a.

Nnyocha ọzọ nke ụmụ nwanyị Japan 30 nwere ahụike kwuru na mmụba nke wrinkles nku nkuchi mgbe izu asatọ etinyere ihe ịchọ mma nwere 4% nicotinamide.

A na-anabata Nicotinamide nke ọma na mgbe mgbe ndị na-enweghị ike ịnagide retinoids topal ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ osisi nwere ike iji ya.

Mmetụta anticancer

Ultraviolet radieshon (UVR) bụ isi ihe kpatara ọrịa kansa anụ ahụmmepe.Usoro nke UVR na-eduga naọrịa kansadị mgbagwoju anya gụnyere mmebi DNA kpọmkwem yana mmetụta na usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ. E gosiputara Nicotinamide iji kwalite mmezi nke DNA mebiri emebi na oxidative na mmadụkeratinocytesna akpụkpọ mmadụ. O nwere ikike igbochiUV-kpataramgbochi mgbochi, egosiri na nyocha nke ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo nwere ezigbo ule Mantoux (ule tuberculin ziri ezi). Enwere ike ịkwụsị mmeghachi omume Mantoux site na ikpughe na UVR. Nicotinamide belatara mgbochi mgbochi ọrịa a mgbe etinyere ya tupu ma ọ bụ mgbe ekpughere ya na UVR (na-egosipụta ìhè anyanwụ).

N'ime nnwale ụlọ ọgwụ a na-achịkwaghị achịkwa na ndị ọrịa 50, 1% nicotinamide gel na-etinye ugboro abụọ kwa ụbọchị n'isi, aka na aka ruo ọnwa isii belatara.pụtaraọnụ ọgụgụ nkeprecancerousActinic keratosis site na 28%.

Nicotinamide anaghị arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe mkpuchi anwụ (ma ọ dịghị egbochi ntachu). Ọ nweghị ihe ndị na-akpata antioxidant, ma ọ nwere ike imetụta cascade complement, cell energy metabolism, na apoptosis (ọnwụ cell).

Mpempe akwụkwọ akwadoro bụ isi mmalite nke ozi maka ọgwụ, gụnyere ojiji akwadoro, doses na ozi nchekwa. Lelee mpempe akwụkwọ data nkeonwe na obodo gị maka ozi gbasara ọgwụ.