Ibiryo byongeweho ibiryo Amategeko & Inama yo Kuranga

Ibiryo byongera ibiryo ni iki?

Ibiryo byongera ibiryo nibintu byongewe kubiribwa mubicuruzwa byose kugirango bitange imirimo yikoranabuhanga itandukanye nkuburyohe, ibara cyangwa ituze ryibicuruzwa.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yinyongeramusaruro n'ibigize ibiryo?

Ijambo ibiryo 'inyongeramusaruro' n '' ibiyigize 'bivuga ibintu bitandukanye byinjira mu biryo, kandi bitanga intego zitandukanye. Kurugero, nubwo ubuki, isukari hamwe numuhondo wamagi byose bifite imikorere yikoranabuhanga mubicuruzwa bitandukanye byibiribwa, ntibifatwa nkinyongeramusaruro kuko mubisanzwe ni ibintu byamenyekanye bigira uruhare muburyohe, imiterere cyangwa agaciro kintungamubiri yibiribwa, kandi akenshi bikoreshwa kuri ababo. Ahubwo, bavugwa nkibigize.

Ku rundi ruhande, inyongeramusaruro ntizisanzwe zikoreshwa ubwazo cyangwa ngo zikoreshwe nk'ibanze bigize ifunguro. Ahubwo, bikoreshwa mukuzamura cyangwa kubungabunga imiterere yibyo kurya, akenshi utongeyeho agaciro kintungamubiri.

Ibiryo byongera ibiryo birashobora gukoreshwa:

• Komeza ubwiza bwimirire yibiryo
• Kuzamura ubuzima bwacyo cyangwa gukomeza ubuziranenge
• Kunoza ubufasha bwabakiriya binyuze muburyohe, amabara cyangwa imiterere
• Kora umusaruro no guhunika ibiryo bishoboka

Kuki Inganda Zibiribwa zikoresha inyongeramusaruro?

Mugihe ibiryo dutegura murugo biribwa mubisanzwe nyuma yo kwitegura, ibiryo bigurishwa mumaduka no kumurongo akenshi bikenera kuguma bihamye kandi bikurura igihe kirekire. Inyongeramusaruro zigira uruhare runini mu musaruro w’ibiribwa ku isi kugira ngo ufashe guhaza ibyo abaguzi bakeneye ku buryohe, umutekano no gushya. Mugutezimbere ibiribwa, banagira uruhare mukugabanya imyanda yibiribwa bikaba impungenge zikomeye zirambye.

Ibiryo byongera ibiryo bishobora guhuza ishusho yimiti ikomatanya kuri benshi. Nyamara, ibi ntabwo buri gihe bibaho kuko inyongeramusaruro nyinshi zikomoka kubintu bisanzwe bibaho, nka lecithine yo muri soya na karrageenan biva mu nyanja. Mubyukuri, abaguzi bongeramo nkana inyongeramusaruro murugo rwabo, nkabakora jam bongeramo pectine (E440) kugirango barebe neza ko ari jam. Ntakibazo cyaturuka, umutekano uhora ufite akamaro kanini mubitekerezo byabashinzwe kugenzura iyo wemeye ikoreshwa ryinyongera mubiryo.

Iterambere mubumenyi bwibiribwa ryatumye hakoreshwa kenshi inyongeramusaruro mubicuruzwa bigezweho. Ubu hari amagana yibintu bitandukanye bikoreshwa nk'inyongeramusaruro nibindi byinshi bikoreshwa nka flavours, byose bigengwa numutekano wabaguzi.

Hasi, turasesengura bimwe mubisanzwe byongera ibiryo.

Ubwoko butandukanye bwinyongeramusaruro nibikoreshwa mubiribwa

Amabara

Amabara ni inyongera zikoreshwa mukugarura cyangwa kuzana ibara mubiryo. Birashobora kuba karemano, nka beterave itukura (E162) cyangwa sintetike nka tartrazine (E102).

Tartrazine ni rimwe mu mabara atandatu ajyanye na hyperactivite mu bana bamwe. Nyuma y’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kandi bugaterwa inkunga n’ikigo gishinzwe ubuziranenge bw’ibiribwa, kandi bugasuzumwa n’ikigo cy’ibihugu by’Uburayi gishinzwe umutekano w’ibiribwa, hashyizweho ubugororangingo bw’amabwiriza y’inyongera kugira ngo busabe ibiryo birimo birimo gutanga umuburo wanditse ku buryo bwihariye.

Hariho ibindi byongeweho ibiryo bisaba kuburira nk'irangi rya Azo, rishobora gutera allergie kubantu bumva, na Aspartame, ishobora kugirira nabi abantu barwaye fenylketonuria (PKU), indwara idasanzwe.

Kurinda

Kurinda ibintu byongerera igihe cyo kurya ibiryo birinda kwangirika guterwa na mikorobe. Ingero zisanzwe zirimo calcium propionate (E282), ikoreshwa cyane mumigati, na potasiyumu sorbate (E202) ikoreshwa mugukwirakwiza imboga / margarine.

Antioxydants

Antioxydants irinda kwangirika kwibiryo hakoreshejwe imiti ya okiside. Ibi bikubiyemo kwirinda uburyohe butangwa mu biribwa na okiside yamavuta namavuta mubiryo ukoresheje tocopherol (E306). Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ikoreshwa rya aside ya asikorbike (E300) irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango wirinde kwirabura mu guhagarika okiside. Acide ya Ascorbic izwi cyane nka Vitamine C n'abaguzi.

Abaryoshye

Ibijumba ni inyongera zikoreshwa mugukora uburyohe bwiza mubiryo. Mubisanzwe, ibijumba bidafite intungamubiri nka aspartame na sucralose bikoreshwa mugutanga uburyohe butarimo karori yinyongera iboneka mubisukari nibisanzwe bikomoka mubuki.

Rimwe na rimwe, ibintu byinshi bidafite intungamubiri birashobora gukoreshwa hamwe cyangwa hamwe nisukari kugirango ugere ku buryohe runaka cyangwa kongera urwego rusange rwibiryo hamwe.

Emulsifiers

Emulifiseri ituma amavuta namazi bivanga hamwe kandi bigakomeza emulsiyo, bigaha ituze nta gutandukanya amazi nibice byamavuta mubicuruzwa.

Imisemburo ikoreshwa muri mayoneze, ice cream na shokora. Ingero zirimo mono- na diglyceride ya aside irike (E471) na soya lecithine (E322), byombi biboneka muri ice cream, biteguye gukoresha ibishushanyo hamwe na shokora ihita.

Kongera uburyohe

Kongera uburyohe bikoreshwa mukuzamura uburyohe bwibiryo bihari bidatanga uburyohe bwabyo (nukuvuga uburyohe ntakindi uretse kuzamura uburyohe bwibicuruzwa). Urugero rusanzwe (kandi rutongana) ni monosodium glutamate (MSG, E621), iboneka muri crisps na noode nziza.

Amategeko yongeramo ibiryo mubwongereza

Dukurikije amategeko yongera ibiryo, inyongeramusaruro zose zigomba kwemezwa mbere yuko zikoreshwa mubwongereza. Kugirango ibiryo byongeweho ibiryo byemererwe gukoreshwa, bigomba gufatwa nkibyiza kubaguzi. Kurugero, niba byongera uburyohe, byongerera igihe cyo kubaho cyangwa bikazamura ubwiza bwibiryo.

Isuzuma ryinshi rya raporo yubumenyi nubuhanga rirasabwa kugirango umutekano winyongeramusaruro, ibikenewe mu ikoranabuhanga, kandi ko imikoreshereze yaryo itazatuma umuguzi ayobya. Buri nyongeramusaruro yemewe yemerewe gukoreshwa mubiribwa bimwe na bimwe kandi byateganijwe mbere.

Aya mabwiriza afasha kwemeza ko inyongeramusaruro zikoreshwa gusa mubicuruzwa byunguka kuboneka kwabo, kandi ko kuboneka bihari kugeza byibuze bisabwa kugirango tugere kubisubizo byifuzwa.

Urutonde rwibintu byemewe hamwe nimero E ishobora gukoreshwa mubicuruzwa byibiribwa byavuzwe kuriUrubuga rwikigo gishinzwe ubuziranengeno mu Mabwiriza agenga Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi 1333/2008.

E-Umubare ni iki?

Ibyongeweho bikunze kuvugwa na E-nimero yabo nkuko bigaragara muriki gitabo. Sisitemu ya E-nimero yashyizweho nkigice cyo gutwara kugira urutonde rumwe kuri buri tsinda rikora ryinyongera hamwe na 'E' igamije guhagararira abakiriya ko inyongeramusaruro zemewe zashyizwe mu rwego rw’umutekano muri EU. Irazwi kwisi yose, kandi sisitemu mpuzamahanga yo kubara (INS) kubintu byongera ibiryo biboneka muri Codex Alimentarius ishingiye kuriyi. Sisitemu yakoreshejwe bwa mbere mu 1962 mu mabara, hanyuma ikoreshwa mu 1964 kugira ngo yerekane amabwiriza agenga imiti igabanya ubukana, 1970 muri antioxydants ndetse no mu 1974 ikoreshwa na emulisiferi, stabilisateur, umubyimba hamwe na gelling.

Guhuza ibyo byongeweho byari intego ikurikira murwego rwo gushyiraho isoko ryimbere muri EU. Guhuza inyongeramusaruro byabaye mu mpera za 1980 no mu ntangiriro kugeza hagati ya 1990.

Ukeneye gutangaza inyongeramusaruro kubirango byibiribwa?

Nibyo, ni itegeko ko inyongeramusaruro zashyizwe kurutonde rwibigize mugihe ziboneka mubicuruzwa byibiribwa, haba ku izina ryabo cyangwa nimero ya E, kubahiriza amabwiriza yo kongeramo ibiryo.

Intego yinyongera cyangwa imikorere mubicuruzwa nabyo bigomba kuvugwa. Urugero rw'imirimo nk'iyi ni acide, igenzura aside, imiti igabanya ubukana, emulisiferi, imiti igabanya ubukana, imiti igabanya ubukana hamwe n’ibindi bintu.

Nigute washyira akamenyetso kongeramo ibiryo mubwongereza

Kwandika hamwe na E-Imibare cyangwa Izina ryuzuye ryuzuye

Nubwo amabwiriza y’inyongeramusaruro yashyizweho hagamijwe kurinda umutekano w’abaturage, isura yabo ku birango by’ibiribwa irashobora kubuza abaguzi bafite mandy kubona urutonde ruto rw’ibigize, hamwe n’inyongeramusaruro nke zishoboka, nk’uko zishimishije - igitekerezo kizwi nk '' isuku ikirango '. E-nimero yateje impungenge cyane, abaguzi bibaza impamvu abayikora 'bahisha' ibiri mubiribwa byabo bakoresheje code, aho kureba kode nkigikoresho cyari kigamije guteza imbere gukorera mu mucyo.

Mu Bwongereza, biramenyerewe gukoresha izina ryongeweho ryuzuye kuri label, kuko ibyo bishobora gutera imyumvire mike mibi kandi mubisanzwe bikundwa nabaguzi. Nyamara, kubintu byinshi byimiti yumvikana kandi bitamenyerewe byongeweho, E-nimero ikoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, imbogamizi zumwanya zirashobora gusaba gukoresha E-nimero kuko izi zishobora kuba ngufi cyane kurenza izina ryabo ryuzuye.

Byiza, ikirango cyibicuruzwa kigomba kwerekana kumenyera abaguzi. Turasaba kandi ko ikirango cyegera ibirango byongeweho buri gihe mubicuruzwa byacyo kugirango tunoze imyumvire.

Niba inyongeramusaruro zarakoreshejwe mubicuruzwa byibiribwa, ugomba kwemeza ko zikoreshwa gusa mubiribwa byemewe nubunini byemewe, bijyanye namasoko yo kugurisha (kuko ibihugu bitandukanye bifite uburyo butandukanye kubitegeko).

Kugirango dushyigikire kuvugana nabaguzi ko inyongeramusaruro zidahora ziteye ubwoba nkuko zisa, ibirango bimwe na bimwe byafashe gushyiramo amakuru yinyongera kubyerekeye inyongeramusaruro hamwe namagambo yemewe kumirongo yabo yoroshya ibi mururimi rwamenyekanye. Kurugero, 'Acide Ascorbic, ubwoko bwa Vitamine C, iboneka no mu mbuto za citrusi'. Ubu ni amayeri afasha kwigisha abakiriya bawe, ariko witondere kubahiriza, kuko udashaka kuyobya umuguzi ngo utekereze ko ibicuruzwa byawe birimo imbuto za citrusi.

Nigute wandika ibirango bya Sulphite kubakoresha Allergic

Inyongeramusaruro zishobora gutera allergie reaction cyangwa kutoroherana, nka sulphite, bigomba kumurikwa kurutonde rwibigize niba bihari hejuru yurwego rwashyizweho mbere kandi bigatangazwa nubwo bigurishwa bidakabije cyangwa mubiribwa bidateguwe. Kuri dioxyde de sulfure (E220) na sulphite (E221 kugeza E228) bigomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso iyo bihari hejuru ya mg / Kg 10 cyangwa mg / litiro 10. Ibi bibarwa nkubunini bwa dioxyde de sulfure mubicuruzwa byarangiye, nkuko byakoreshwa.

Niba allerge ihari mubicuruzwa bisonewe gutwara urutonde rwibintu, noneho hagomba gukoreshwa imvugo 'ikubiyemo', keretse niba izina ryibicuruzwa ririmo allerge, iyo ari dioxyde de sulfure cyangwa sulfite, ntabwo bishoboka. kubaho.

Niba dioxyde de sulfure cyangwa sulphite bihari nk'uburinzi muri kimwe mu bigize ibiryo, urugero, muri pome mu kuzuza pome ya pome, noneho kuba ihari nka allerge igomba kwerekanwa ku kirango cy'ibiribwa. Ibisabwa biteganijwe mu Mabwiriza agenga (EU) 1169/2011, Umugereka wa II, 12, ariko ibimenyetso byerekana ingaruka zabyo ntibishobora guhita bigaragara. Aha niho umuhanga wikirango ashobora kwemeza ibiryo byawe byujuje ibisabwa.

Nibihe byongera ibiryo bibujijwe mu Bwongereza?

Bimwe mu byongeweho ibiryo birabujijwe mu Bwongereza kubera ubushobozi bwabyo bishobora guteza ingaruka mbi iyo bikoreshejwe. Kurugero, niba ari kanseri (urugero: irangi rya Sudani), biganisha kuri hyperactivite mubana (urugero: Southampton amabara atandatu) cyangwa bigira ingaruka zimirire (urugero ingaruka nko kuribwa mu gifu nibindi bibazo bya gastrointestinal biterwa na Olestra yongeyeho).

Ibihugu ntabwo buri gihe byemeranya kumutekano winyongera. Nibibaho na dioxyde ya titanium, ikoreshwa mugutanga ibara ryera mubicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byokerezwamo imigati. Birabujijwe mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, ariko nyuma yo kubitekerezaho, Ubwongereza bwafashe icyemezo cyo kubukurikiza.

Mu Gushyingo 2022, Urukiko rw’Ubutabera rw’Uburayi rwakuyeho ishyirwa mu byiciro bya dioxyde de titanium nka kanseri yo guhumeka, kubera ko hagaragaye ibitagenda neza mu bushakashatsi bw’uburozi. Ubufaransa bwafashe icyemezo cyo kujuririra iryo seswa, bivuze ko mu gihe cyo kwandika, dioxyde de titanium idashobora gukoreshwa mu biribwa muri EU na Irilande y'Amajyaruguru.

Bromate ya Potasiyumu yerekanwe ko itera kanseri mu nyamaswa zimwe na zimwe, bityo ntibyemewe gukoreshwa mu biribwa mu bihugu by’Uburayi, Ubwongereza, Kanada ndetse no mu bindi bihugu. Abategetsi ba Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika bemeje ko izo ngaruka zitagaragaye igihe inyamaswa zagaburirwaga imigati irimo inyongeramusaruro, bityo ikaba ishobora kongerwa ku mugati muri Amerika, aho ikora nk'ifu ikomeza ifu, umukozi wo kuvura ifu n'umukozi wo gusiga.

Niba isosiyete ifashwe igurisha ibiryo birimo inyongeramusaruro zabujijwe mu Bwongereza, ibyo bishobora kuvamo ingaruka zikomeye mu mategeko. Ntidushobora gutekereza ko kubera ko inyongeramusaruro yemerewe mugihugu kimwe, ko izemerwa mubindi.

Ingero zimwe zihariye zibyo kurya bibujijwe mu Bwongereza harimo:

• Ibara ryibiryo bimwe (harimo umuhondo no 5 na 6, numutuku no 40)
• Potasiyumu bromate
• Irangi rya Sudani
• Imiti imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa ku nyamaswa, nka hormone yo gukura kw'inka.
• Amavuta akomoka ku bimera
• Inkoko zavuwe na Chlorine
• Rhodamine-B
• Azodicarbonamide
• Olestra
• Auramine

Inkunga hamwe ninyongeramusaruro y'amategeko Amategeko na label

Ku bucuruzi bw’ibiribwa, ni ngombwa ko basuzuma amabwiriza abigenga kugira ngo barebe ko ikoreshwa ry’inyongeramusaruro mu biribwa runaka ryemewe, kandi kandi rikoreshwa mu nsi iri munsi y’urwego rwemewe.