He aha ka nicotinamide?

He aha ka nicotinamide?

ʻO Nicotinamide, i kapa ʻia ʻo niacinamide a i ʻole nicotinic acid amide, ʻo ia ka wai-soluble, ʻano ikaika o ka huaora B3. Ua aʻo nui ʻia no nā hōʻailona like ʻole ma ke kahua odermatology, akā, pono ka noiʻi hou aʻe e wehewehe i kona waiwai.

Loaʻa maoli ka Nicotinamide i nā mea liʻiliʻi i ka hū, nā ʻiʻo wīwī, nā iʻa, nā nati a me nā legumes. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia i nā cereals a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa ka nicotinamide waha ma ke ʻano he 20-30 mg i nā hui multivitamin, a ma kāna iho he mau papa 500-mg kūʻai ʻole. Ua hoʻohui pū ʻia i nā mea he nuikumuhananā mea hana e like me nā pale lā a me nā mea hoʻonaninani.

Pehea ka hana o ka nicotinamide?

Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia nā hopena lapaʻau ākea o ka nicotinamide e kāna hana e like me:

• Acellularikehu mua
• He modulator oʻāhuehue cytokines
• Hemea hoʻopaneʻeo kanukelea enzymepoly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose [ADP]) polymerase [PARP], he mea nui i kaDNAhoʻoponopono, mālama i ke kūpaʻa genomic, a me ka pane kelepona i ka hōʻehaʻāʻāaapoptosis(ka make cell).

He aha ka hoʻohana ʻana o nicotinamide?

Pono ka Vitamin B3 no ke olakino maikaʻi; ʻO ka hemahema ke alakaʻi i kahi maʻi nui, pellagra. Hiki ke hoʻohana pono ʻia ka nicotinamide waha e mālama i ka pellagra.

ʻO Nicotinamide i hoʻohana ʻia i lāʻau lapaʻau hiki ke pōmaikaʻi i ka ʻili ma nā ʻano like ʻole.

• Loaʻa iā Nicotinamideanti-inflammatorynā waiwai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi bullous (blistering).
• Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka huehue ma kāna hana anti-inflammatory a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka sebum.
• Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana pale ʻili ma ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nalowale wai ma o kaepidermis(ka papa ʻili o waho) pēlā e hoʻonui ai i ka hydration o ka ʻili.
• Ua hōʻike ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻili, ma ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kaʻaʻahuʻula, bletchiness a me ka ulaula o ka ili kahiko; hoohana ia ma kekahimea hoʻonaninanihuahana.
• Hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i nā keratoses actinic a me ka pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi ʻili, ʻoi aku ka maʻi squamous cell carcinoma.
• Ua hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka polymorphic light eruption.

Hana ʻia nā maʻi ʻili me ka nicotinamide

• Nicotinamide waha

Bullous pemphigoid

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka nicotinamide waha a me ka tetracycline he mea kūpono iaʻōnaehananā steroid i ka mālama ʻana i ka bullous pemphigoid. Ua emi ihoʻonaa ʻoi aku ka palekana ma mua o ka dapsone a me ka prednisone.

Ma ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau i wehe ʻia e hoʻohālikelike ana i ka hui pū ʻana o 500 mg o nicotinamide, ʻekolu manawa i kēlā me kēia lā, a me 500 mg o tetracycline ʻehā manawa i kēlā me kēia lā, me ka prednisone, i loko o 20 mau maʻi me ka bullous pemphigoid, ʻelima mau pane piha a ʻelima pane hapa. , ma ka hui nicotinamide a me ka tetracycline i hoʻohālikelikeʻia me hoʻokahi pane piha a me nā pane hapaʻelima i ka hui prednisone, ma hope o 8 mau pule o ka mālamaʻana. ʻO nā poʻe maʻi pane piha ʻelima a pau i loko o ka hui nicotinamide a me tetracycline i noho ʻole i ka maʻi i ka wā o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma kahi o 10 mau mahina, ʻoiai ʻekolu mau maʻi o ka hui prednisone i hoʻopaʻa hou i nā maʻi maʻi me ka tapering steroid i ka manawa like.

Ka maʻi maʻi ʻili

Placebo- Ua manaʻo nā hoʻokolohua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā poʻe maʻi i hoʻopōʻino ʻia e ka lā e lawe ana i ka nicotinamide waha i loaʻa nā keratoses actinic nui a me nā carcinomas squamous cell cutaneous e manaʻo e hoʻemi i ka nui o nā mea hou.nā ʻehaua holo ʻoi aʻe ka manawa. ʻAʻole maopopo ka hōʻike.

Nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka nicotinamide waha

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia ka nicotinamide waha ma lalo o 3 g / lā. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻeha a i ʻole ka huhū o ka ʻōpū, ʻaʻole like me kona waika nicotinic precursor. Ua hōʻike ʻia e hoʻonui i ka hou, e hoʻonui i ke kō koko, a me ke kumuhypotension.

Hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nausea i ka nui o ka nicotinamide.

• ʻO ke kumuhana nicotinamide

ʻAneʻe ʻO Nicotinamide, loaʻa i kahi topicalholika,gela me nā ʻano waha (e laʻa, Nicomide®), ua hōʻike ʻia he maikaʻi i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka haki. I loko o kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua hoʻomalu ʻia, ua ʻike ʻia he 4% nicotinamide gel e like me ka lāʻau antibiotic topical 1% clindamycin gel i ka mālama ʻana i ka acne vulgaris i nā maʻi 76 me ka ʻeha haʻahaʻa. Ua hoʻoholo ka haʻawina e hiki ke kōkua i nā waiwai anti-inflammatory o nicotinamide i kona kūleʻa i ka haki. Hoʻemi pū ʻo Nicotinamide i ka hana sebum maka.SebumʻO ia ke kuleana no ka ʻālohilohi o ka maka a kōkua i nā comedones nonflamed a me nā ʻeha ʻeha ʻeha. Ua hōʻike nā hopena o kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maikaʻi i nā wahine Caucasian a me Iapana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o 2% nicotinamide moisturizer i ka maka no 4-6 mau pule e hōʻemi i ka hana sebum me nā ʻokoʻa nui o ka ʻālohilohi o ka maka a me ka ʻaila.

Kūʻai ʻia ka gel Nicotinamide ma ke ʻano hema luna o ka hale kūʻaika lapaʻau ʻana no ka hakihaki ma Kanada, Australia, NZ, UK, USA a me ʻIlelani. Inā hoʻomaloʻo nui ʻia ka ʻili o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ʻelua mau lā, hiki ke hoʻemi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā, a i ʻole kēlā me kēia lā.

ʻO Rosacea

ʻO nā hōʻailona lapaʻau a me nā hōʻailona o ka rosacea e pili ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka maloʻo o ka ʻili, ka ʻulaʻula a me ka naʻau. I loko o ʻelua mau haʻawina, ua hōʻike ʻia nā moisturizers i loko o ka nicotinamide e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana pale ʻili i nā maʻi rosacea, e alakaʻi ana i ka emi ʻana o ka hopenamea hoonaukiukime nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā mea hoʻonaninani.

Hana ʻo Nicotinamide ma ke ʻano he precursor o ka nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) a me ka nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), ʻo ia hoʻi.nā enzymes(nā mea kōkua oenzymaticnā hopena) pono no nā ala metabolic he nui. He kuleana ko kēia mau co-enzymes i kametabolismoglucose, hana ikehu kelepona, ahoʻohuihuiolipids.Ke emi nei nā pae o NADH / NADPH (nā ʻano hōʻemi o NAD a me NADP) me ka makahiki a me ka nicotinamide topical e hoʻohuli i ka emi ʻana. I loko o nā haʻawina lapaʻau he nui, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ka nicotinamide topical i nā laina maikaʻi a me nā wrinkles, nā kiko hyperpigmented, ʻulaʻula blotchiness, a me ka ʻili ʻili (melemele) a me ka elasticity. Ua hōʻike kekahi haʻawina i ka nicotinamide e hoʻonui i ka hana o ka ʻilinā ceramides, he mau emollients maoli a me nā mea pale o ka ʻili, pēlā e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hydration o ka ʻili.

Amakapō ʻelua, hoʻomalu ʻia i ka placebo, maka māhele, hema akau,hoʻokaʻawaleHe 12 mau pule ma 50 mau wahine i loiloi i ka hopena o 5% topical nicotinamide ma nā ʻano hōʻailona like ʻole o ka ʻeleʻele o ka ʻili. Ua hōʻike nā mea noiʻi i ka nicotinamide topical i hopena i ka hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻana i nā laina maikaʻi / wrinkles, pigmentation, texture a me ka ʻulaʻula blotchiness. Ua kākoʻo ʻia ke aʻo ʻana e Proctor a me Gamble.

ʻO kahi haʻawina hou o 30 mau wahine Kepani olakino i hōʻike i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o nā wrinkles eyelid ma hope o ʻewalu pule o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hoʻonaninani i loaʻa ka 4% nicotinamide.

Ua ʻae maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Nicotinamide a hiki ke hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e ka poʻe ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻae i nā retinoids topical a i ʻole nā ​​​​huaʻona hua.

Nā hopena anticancer

ʻO ka hahau ʻana o Ultraviolet (UVR) ʻo ia ke kumu pilikia nui o ka maʻi maʻi ʻilihooulu ana.ʻO nā hana e alakaʻi ai ʻo UVR imaʻi ʻaʻaipaʻakikī me ka pōʻino pololei i ka DNA a me nā hopena i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Nicotinamide e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pōʻino DNA pololei a me ka oxidative i ke kanakakeratinocytesa me ka ili kanaka. Loaʻa iā ia ka hiki ke paleUV- hoʻokomo ʻiahoʻopaʻa kino, i hōʻike ʻia ma ke aʻo ʻana o nā mea manawaleʻa me kahi ho'āʻo Mantoux maikaʻi (ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka naʻau tuberculin maikaʻi). Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hopena Mantoux e ka ʻike ʻana i ka UVR. Ua hōʻemi ʻo Nicotinamide i kēia kaohi ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka wā i hoʻohana ʻia ai ma mua a ma hope paha o ka ʻike ʻana iā UVR (hoʻohālike i ka ʻike ʻana o ka lā).

I loko o kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā maʻi 50, 1% nicotinamide gel i hoʻohana ʻia i ʻelua manawa i kēlā me kēia lā i ke poʻo, nā lima a me nā lima no ʻeono mahina i hoʻemi i ka nui o ka maʻi.manaʻohelu oprecancerousactinic keratoses e 28%.

ʻAʻole hana ʻo Nicotinamide ma ke ʻano he pale lā (a ʻaʻole ia e pale i ka sunburn). ʻAʻohe ona waiwai antioxidant, akā hiki ke hoʻopili i ka cascade complement, cell energy metabolism, a apoptosis (cell make).

ʻO nā palapala ʻikepili i ʻāpono ʻia ke kumu kūhelu o ka ʻike no nā lāʻau lapaʻau, me ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana, nā doses, a me ka ʻike palekana. E nānā i ka ʻikepili pākahi ma kou ʻāina no ka ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.