I-Pleurotus ostreatus, i-oyster mushroom, i-oyster fungus, i-hiratake, noma i-pearl oyster mushroom iyikhowe elivamile elidliwayo. Ingenye yamakhowe asendle afunwa kakhulu, nakuba ingatshalwa ngotshani neminye imithombo yezindaba.
Amakhowe oysterzithandwa emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo okuntekenteke kanye ne-flavour ethambile, enomnandi. Amakhowe ngokuvamile anamakepisi abanzi, azacile, amise okwe-oyster- noma amise okwefeni futhi amhlophe, ampunga, noma a-tan, anamakhanda agqize ngaphansi. Amakepisi kwesinye isikhathi anomphetho opholile futhi angatholakala kumaqoqo amakhowe amancane noma ngamanye njengamakhowe amakhulu. Amakhowe e-oyster abiza kakhulu kunamakhowe enkinobho emhlophe kodwa aphansi kakhulu kunamakhowe ayivelakancane njengama-morel, futhi athatha ukulungiswa okuncane njengoba angasetshenziswa ephelele noma eqotshiwe. Zisetshenziselwa ngisho nokwenza ifenisha ye-mycelium neminye imikhiqizo eminingi.
- 1.Inothe ngemisoco
Amakhowe e-oyster agcwele i-fiber, amavithamini, amaminerali, nezinye izakhi ezibalulekile. Futhi ane-carbohydrate ephansi, ngakho-ke ayisinqumo esihle kubantu abalandela amaphethini aphansi we-carb yokudla.
Amakhowe aqukethe nezilinganiso ezincane zezinye imisoco, okuhlanganisa uvithamini D ne-selenium.
- 2. Umthombo wama-antioxidants
Amakhowe e-oyster ahlinzeka ngama-antioxidants, okuyizinto ezisiza ukunciphisa ukulimala kwamaselula emzimbeni wakho.
Isibonelo, kutholwe izinhlanganisela ze-phenolic eziyisikhombisa kuma-extracts e-P. ostreatus, okuhlanganisa i-gallic acid, i-chlorogenic acid, ne-naringenin - konke kusebenza njengama-antioxidants emzimbeni wakho.
Lawa makhowe aqukethe ne-amino acid ergothioneine, enemiphumela enamandla yokulwa ne-antioxidant .
Ucwaningo lwango-2007 kumagundane lwathola ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-oyster mushroom extract kuthuthukisa amazinga e-antioxidant futhi kwehlisa izimpawu ezithile zokuvuvuka, okuhlanganisa i-malondialdehyde (MDA), kumagundane amadala.
Ngokufanayo, ucwaningo lwamagundane lwango-2020 lwaphawula ukuthi okukhishwe kwabonisa imiphumela ye-antioxidant futhi kwasiza ekwehliseni ukulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa amakhemikhali anobuthi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lwango-2016 lwe-test-tube lwathola ukuthi ukukhishwa kwekhowe le-oyster elimpunga (Pleurotus pulmonarius) kunqande ukulimala kwe-oxidative kumaseli e-artery yomuntu futhi kwavimbela ukugcotshwa kwe-cholesterol ye-LDL (embi), okungenzeka ngenxa ye-amino acid ergothioneine.
I-oxidation ye-cholesterol ye-LDL (embi) ihilelekile enqubweni ye-atherossteosis, okuwukwakheka koqweqwe lwemithambo emithanjeni engaholela esifweni senhliziyo .
Nakuba ucwaningo lwezilwane neshubhu lokuhlola lusikisela ukuthi amakhowe e-oyster ahlinzeka ngama-antioxidants futhi angase avikele emonakalweni wamangqamuzana, ucwaningo olwengeziwe kubantu luyadingeka.
- 3.Ingase izuze impilo yenhliziyo
Amakhowe e-oyster angase akhuthaze impilo yenhliziyo ngokunciphisa izici ezisengozini yesifo senhliziyo njenge-cholesterol ephezulu nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
I-P. ostreatus iphezulu ikakhulukazi kuzinhlanganisela eziningana ezizuzisa impilo yenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa imicu ebizwa ngokuthi i-beta-glucans.
Ama-beta-glucans avutshelwa amagciwane e-gut ukukhiqiza ama-acids ama-short chain angasiza ukwehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol emzimbeni wakho. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-P. ostreatus inikeza ama-beta-glucan aphindwe kabili kunamakhowe enkinobho emhlophe .
Uhlolo oluncane lwe-2011 lokulawula okungahleliwe kubantu abangu-20 bathola ukuthi ukudla isobho eliqukethe amagremu angu-30 we-P. ostreatus omisiwe izinsuku ezingu-21 kwehlisa i-triglycerides, i-cholesterol ephelele, namazinga e-cholesterol e-oxidized ye-LDL (embi) uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa kwe-placebo.
Futhi, ukubuyekezwa kwango-2020 kocwaningo lwabantu abayisishiyagalombili kwathola ukuthi ukudla kwe-P. ostreatus kusize ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi, i-triglycerides, umfutho wegazi, namazinga e-insulin, konke okunganciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.
Kodwa-ke, abalobi bavuma ukuthi zonke izifundo ezitholakalayo zinengozi enkulu yokuzikhethela nokuthi izifundo ezihlelwe kahle zesikhathi esizayo ziyadingeka ukuze kuqondwe kangcono ukuthi i-P. ostreatus intake ingathuthukisa kanjani impilo yenhliziyo.
- 4. Ingase ikhuthaze ukulawula ushukela wegazi
Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo, amakhowe e-oyster angasiza ekulawuleni amazinga kashukela egazini.
Ucwaningo kubantu abangu-22 abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 nabangenalo luthole ukuthi ukuthatha i-P. ostreatus eyimpuphu kwehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini ngemva kokudla. Ababhali bacabange ukuthi amakhowe andise ukusetshenziswa koshukela ezicutshini zomzimba ngenkathi evimbela amaprotheni athile akhulisa ushukela egazini.
Ngokufanayo, ucwaningo lwe-2007 kubantu abangu-30 esibhedlela abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 bathola ukuthi ukudla amagremu angu-150 we-P. ostreatus ephekiwe nsuku zonke izinsuku ezingu-7 kunciphisa ushukela wegazi lokuzila ngo-22% kanye noshukela wegazi wangemva kokudla ngesilinganiso sama-23%.
Ngemuva kokuthi abahlanganyeli beyekile ukwelashwa kwamakhowe isonto eli-1, ukuzila ukudla kanye noshukela wegazi wangemva kokudla kwanda ngesilinganiso sika-13% no-20%, ngokulandelana. Ukwelashwa kuphinde kwehlise kakhulu umfutho wegazi wabahlanganyeli, i-cholesterol, namazinga e-triglyceride .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo olwenziwa emadodeni angama-27 anesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme wathola ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-3 amagremu we-powder P. ostreatus powder ngosuku ngezinyanga ezingu-3 kunciphisa kakhulu i-hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), umaka wokulawula ushukela wegazi isikhathi eside. .
Ukubuyekezwa kwango-2020 kuphakamise ukuthi le miphumela engaba khona yokwehlisa ushukela wegazi ingase ibalulwe ekugxilweni okuphezulu kwamakhowe kwe-beta-glucans, njengoba lolu hlobo lwefayibha lubambezela ukugayeka kokudla kanye nokumuncwa kwama-carbohydrate.
- 5. Izinzuzo ezisekela amasosha omzimba
Amakhowe e-oyster angase asekele amasosha akho omzimba ngezindlela eziningi.
Isibonelo, i-pleuran - uhlobo lwefayibha ye-beta-glucan etholakala ku-P. ostreatus - iboniswe ukuthi inezici zokuzivikela komzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhowe angaba nemiphumela elwa namagciwane kanye ne-antibacterial.
Ocwaningweni lwezinsuku eziyi-130 kubantu abangama-90 abane-herpes simplex virus uhlobo 1 (HSV-1), ukwelashwa nge-pleuran ehlanganisiwe, i-vitamin C, nesengezo se-zinc kuthuthukisa izimpawu ze-HSV-1 futhi kwanciphisa ubude nokuqina kwezimpawu zokuphefumula ngaphezu kwevithamini. C yedwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Pleuran kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kuthuthukise kakhulu izimpawu ezinganeni ezinezifo eziphindaphindiwe zokuphefumula futhi zinciphise kakhulu izifo ezithinta ukuphefumula okuphezulu kubagijimi.
Ukwengeza, ucwaningo lwamasonto angu-8 kubantu abangu-41 luthole ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-placebo, ukuthatha isithasiselo sekhowe le-oyster nsuku zonke kukhulisa amasosha omzimba ngokwenza kusebenze i-interferon-γ (IFN-γ), i-molecule edlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni izifo.
Lawa makhowe nawo aboniswe ukuthi anemiphumela elwa namagciwane kanye ne-antibacterial.
Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olugxile ezintweni ezingaba khona ezikhuthaza impilo yokuzivikela komzimba wamakhowe e-oyster - hhayi nje okukhishwe kanye nezithasiselo - ziyadingeka.
- 6. Ezinye izinzuzo ezingaba khona
Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo ezingaba khona ezibalwe ngenhla, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amakhowe e-oyster angase akhuthaze impilo ngezinye izindlela:
Izakhiwo ezingaba khona zokulwa nesimila. Ucwaningo lwamashubhu okuhlola nezilwane lusikisela ukuthi lawa makhowe angase anikeze imiphumela yokulwa nesimila. Nokho, ucwaningo lwabantu alukho .
Izinzuzo zezempilo zamathumbu. Ucwaningo lwamagundane lwango-2021 lwathola ukuthi ukugcwalisa ukudla kwamagundane akhuluphele ngamakhowe e-oyster kunciphisa ukukhula kwamagciwane e-pathogenic futhi kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-acid e-short-chain fatty acids emathunjini awo.
Imiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala. Lawa makhowe aqukethe ama-anti-inflammatory compounds. Ucwaningo lwamagundane lwango-2020 lwathola ukuthi ukwelashwa ngomlomo ngokukhishwa kwe-P. ostreatus kunciphisa kakhulu ukuvuvukala kwezidladla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-06-2023
