Pleurotus ostreatusibihumyo bya oster, ibihumyo, hiratake, cyangwa isaro ibihumyo nibihumyo bisanzwe biribwa. Nimwe mubihumyo bikunze gushakishwa ibihumyo byo mu gasozi, nubwo bishobora no guhingwa ku byatsi no mu bindi bitangazamakuru.
Ibihumyobakundwa kwisi yose kubwuburyo bwabo bworoshye kandi bworoshye, uburyohe. Ibihumyo mubisanzwe bifite ubugari, binini, oyster- cyangwa imifuka imeze nkabafana kandi byera, imvi, cyangwa umutuku, hamwe na gilles iri kuruhande. Ingofero rimwe na rimwe iba yoroheje kandi irashobora kuboneka mumatsinda yibihumyo bito cyangwa kugiti cyawe nkibihumyo binini. Ibihumyo bya Oyster bihenze kuruta ibihumyo bya buto byera ariko ntibirenze ibihumyo bidasanzwe nka morel, kandi ufate imyiteguro mike kuko ishobora gukoreshwa yose cyangwa yaciwe. Ndetse bakoreshwa no gukora ibikoresho bya mycelium nibindi bicuruzwa byinshi.
- 1.Kunga intungamubiri
Ibihumyo bya Oyster byuzuye fibre, vitamine, imyunyu ngugu, nintungamubiri zingenzi. Bafite na karubone nziza, bityo rero ni amahitamo meza kubantu bakurikiza ibiryo bike bya karbike.
Ibihumyo kandi birimo intungamubiri nkeya, harimo vitamine D na selenium.
- 2.Isoko rya antioxydants
Ibihumyo bya Oyster bitanga antioxydants, nibintu bifasha kugabanya kwangirika kwa selile mumubiri wawe.
Kurugero, ibice birindwi bya fenolike byagaragaye mubice bya P. ostreatus, harimo aside gallic, aside chlorogene, na naringenin - byose bikora nka antioxydants mumubiri wawe.
Ibi bihumyo kandi birimo aside amine ergothioneine, igira ingaruka zikomeye za antioxydeant.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mwaka wa 2007 bwerekanye ko kuvura hakoreshejwe ibihumyo by ibihumyo byongereye urugero rwa antioxydants kandi bikagabanya ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe byangiza umuriro, harimo malondialdehyde (MDA), ku mbeba zishaje.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ubushakashatsi bw’imbeba yo mu 2020 bwerekanye ko ibiyikuramo byagaragaje ingaruka za antioxyde kandi bifasha kugabanya kwangirika kw umwijima guterwa n’imiti y’ubumara.
Ikindi ni uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mwaka wa 2016 bwerekanye ko ibivuye mu gihumyo cyitwa oyster gihumyo (Pleurotus pulmonarius) byabujije kwangiza okiside yangiza ingirabuzimafatizo z'umuntu kandi birinda okiside ya cholesterol ya LDL (mbi), bishoboka ko biterwa na ergothioneine aside amine.
Oxidation ya cholesterol ya LDL (mbi) igira uruhare mugikorwa cya aterosklerose, aribwo kubaka plaque mu mitsi ishobora gutera indwara z'umutima.
Nubwo ubushakashatsi bwibikoko na test-tube bwerekana ko ibihumyo bya oyster bitanga antioxydants kandi bishobora kurinda kwangirika kwingirabuzimafatizo, birakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi mubantu.
- 3.Bishobora kugirira akamaro ubuzima bwumutima
Ibihumyo bya Oyster birashobora guteza imbere ubuzima bwumutima kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa nindwara z'umutima nka cholesterol nyinshi n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.
P. ostreatus iri hejuru cyane mubice byinshi bifasha ubuzima bwumutima, harimo fibre bita beta-glucans.
Beta-glucans ihindurwamo na bagiteri zo mu nda kugirango zivemo aside irike ya acide ishobora gufasha kugabanya umusaruro wa cholesterol mu mubiri wawe. Igishimishije, P. ostreatus itanga inshuro ebyiri beta-glucans nkibihumyo byera ibihumyo.
Igeragezwa rito ryo mu mwaka wa 2011 ryakozwe ku bantu 20 ryerekanye ko kurya isupu irimo garama 30 za P. ostreatus yumye mu minsi 21 byagabanije triglyceride, cholesterol yuzuye, hamwe na okiside LDL (mbi) ya cholesterol ugereranije no kuvura ibibanza.
Byongeye kandi, mu mwaka wa 2020 ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bantu umunani bwerekanye ko gufata P. ostreatus bifasha kugabanya isukari yo mu maraso, triglyceride, umuvuduko w’amaraso, hamwe na insuline, ibyo byose bikaba bishobora kugabanya indwara z’umutima.
Icyakora, abanditsi bemeje ko ubushakashatsi bwose bushoboka bufite ibyago byinshi byo kubogama kandi ko hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwateguwe neza kugira ngo twumve neza uburyo gufata P. ostreatus bishobora guteza imbere ubuzima bwumutima.
- 4. Irashobora guteza imbere isukari mu maraso
Usibye guteza imbere ubuzima bwumutima, ibihumyo bya oyster birashobora gufasha kugabanya urugero rwisukari mumaraso.
Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bantu 22 barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bwerekanye ko gufata ifu ya P. ostreatus byagabanije urugero rw'isukari mu maraso nyuma yo kurya. Abanditsi batekereje ko ibihumyo byongera isukari mu ngingo z'umubiri mu gihe bibuza poroteyine zimwe na zimwe zongera isukari mu maraso.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2007 ku bantu 30 bari mu bitaro barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bwerekanye ko kurya garama 150 za P. ostreatus zitetse buri munsi mu minsi 7 byagabanije isukari yo mu maraso yo kwiyiriza ubusa ku gipimo cya 22% naho isukari yo mu maraso nyuma yo kurya ikigereranyo cya 23%.
Nyuma yuko abitabiriye amahugurwa bahagaritse kuvura ibihumyo icyumweru 1, kwiyiriza ubusa hamwe nisukari nyuma yifunguro ryiyongereye ku kigereranyo cya 13% na 20%. Ubuvuzi kandi bwagabanije cyane umuvuduko wamaraso, cholesterol, na triglyceride.
Ikindi ni uko, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bagabo 27 barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso bwerekanye ko kuvura garama 3 z'ifu ya P. ostreatus y'ifu ku munsi mu gihe cy'amezi 3 byagabanije cyane hemoglobine A1c (HbA1c), ikimenyetso cyo kurwanya isukari mu maraso igihe kirekire. .
Isuzuma ryakozwe mu mwaka wa 2020 ryagaragaje ko izo ngaruka zishobora kugabanya isukari mu maraso zishobora guterwa n’ibihumyo byinshi bya beta-glucans, kubera ko ubu bwoko bwa fibre butinda igogorwa rya karubone ndetse no kuyinjira.
- 5. Inyungu zunganira ubudahangarwa
Ibihumyo bya Oyster birashobora gushyigikira sisitemu yumubiri muburyo butandukanye.
Kurugero, pleuran - ubwoko bwa fibre beta-glucan ikomoka kuri P. ostreatus - byagaragaye ko ifite imiti igabanya ubukana. Byongeye kandi, ibihumyo birashobora kwirata ingaruka za virusi na antibacterial.
Mu bushakashatsi bwiminsi 130 ku bantu 90 barwaye virusi ya herpes simplex yo mu bwoko bwa 1 (HSV-1), kuvura hamwe na pleuran hamwe, vitamine C, hamwe na zinc byongereye ibimenyetso bya HSV-1 kandi bigabanya igihe nuburemere bwibimenyetso byubuhumekero kuruta vitamine. C wenyine.
Ubuvuzi bwa Pleuran bwerekanwe kandi kunoza cyane ibimenyetso ku bana bafite indwara zifata imyanya y'ubuhumekero kandi bikagabanya cyane kwandura indwara z’ubuhumekero zo hejuru mu bakinnyi.
Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi bwibyumweru 8 mubantu 41 bwerekanye ko ugereranije na placebo, gufata inyongeramusaruro ya buri munsi ya oyster ibihumyo byongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ukoresheje interferon-γ (IFN-γ), molekile igira uruhare runini mukurinda kwandura.
Ibi bihumyo kandi byagaragaye ko bifite ingaruka za virusi na antibacterial.
Nyamara, ubushakashatsi bwibanze ku bintu bishobora guteza imbere ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri w’ibihumyo byose - kandi ntibikenewe gusa.
- 6. Izindi nyungu zishobora kubaho
Usibye inyungu zishoboka zavuzwe haruguru, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ibihumyo bya oyster bishobora guteza imbere ubuzima mubundi buryo:
Ibishobora kurwanya anti-tumor. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu tubari no mu nyamaswa bwerekana ko ibyo bihumyo bishobora gutanga ingaruka zo kurwanya ibibyimba. Ariko, ubushakashatsi bwabantu burabuze.
Gutera inyungu zubuzima. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’imbeba 2021 bwerekanye ko kuzuza indyo y’imbeba zifite umubyibuho ukabije hamwe n’ibihumyo bya oyster byagabanije gukura kwa bagiteri zitera indwara kandi byongera umusaruro wa aside irike ifata aside irike mu nda.
Ingaruka zo kurwanya inflammatory. Ibi bihumyo birimo imiti igabanya ubukana. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku mbeba ya 2020 bwerekanye ko kuvura mu kanwa hamwe na P. ostreatus bivamo kugabanuka cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-06-2023
