Agar ntụ ntụ bụ ụdị alginate ewepụtara na kọlịflawa na osisi algae ndị ọzọ na-acha uhie uhie. Ọ nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe karịrị afọ 300 na China na Japan. N'ihi akụrụngwa gel ya pụrụ iche, ejirila ya mee ihe n'ọtụtụ nri, ọgwụ, kemịkalụ, textiles, nchekwa mba, nyocha nke ndụ na mpaghara ndị ọzọ, a na-akpọkwa ya “ngwaahịa East Asia ọhụrụ”.
Kedu ihe bụ agar - agar kpọmkwem?
Agar - agar bụ ihe a na-amịpụta na algae na-acha uhie uhie. Ọ bụ n'ezie akụkụ nke na-etolite usoro cellular na osisi ndị a. Mgbe amịpụtara ya, ị ga-enweta ntụ ntụ dị mma nke na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ gelatinous mgbe ọ na-ejikọta ya na mmiri mmiri na ọkụ.
Ọ dị mfe ịhụ ihe kpatara na akụrụngwa a nwere ọtụtụ ojiji iji gbanwee udidi nri, mana agar karịrị nke ahụ.
Iji kwuo agar - agar gbanwere otú anyị si ahụ nri ga-abụ okwu ekwesighi; ọ bụ ezigbo mgbanwe nri nwere ojiji na-akparaghị ókè na n'ime ụlọ ọrụ nri.
Japan bụ ebe a chọtara ogige algae, ma ọ ka bụ onye na-emepụta agar dị mkpa, ma ị nwere ike ịhụ agar - agar n'ebe nile n'ụwa.
Agar na carrageenan bụ mmịpụta nke ahịhịa mmiri nwere ngwa dị iche iche
Agar nwere agarose na agar pectin. Agarose, dị ka onye na-ahụ maka gelling, bụ polysaccharide nonionic na-enweghị sulfate (nnu), nke bụ ihe na-emepụta gel. A na-ejikọta njikọ ya macromolecular nke ọzọ site na 1,3 glycosidic bond β-D-pyranosyl galactose residues na 3,6- α- L-pyranosyl galactose. Agar pectin bụ akụkụ na-abụghị nke gel, polysaccharide dị mgbagwoju anya na sulfate (nnu), glucuronic acid na pyruvic aldehyde, nke bụkwa akụkụ nke a na-agbalị iwepụ na mmịpụta azụmahịa. Na ụlọ ọrụ, agba nke agar sitere na ọcha ruo ntakịrị odo, na-enwe mmetụta glial, enweghị isi ma ọ bụ obere isi njirimara. Agar na-esighi ike na mmiri oyi, na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri esi, ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbaze na mmiri ọkụ.
N'ihe gbasara agar, nke mbụ, agar enweghị ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ, nke pụtara na ọbụna microorganisms adịghị emebi ya (ọ bụ ezie na agar bụ shuga). Ya mere, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka usoro omenala ndu ma ọ bụ ụfọdụ ndị na-ebu ọgwụ. Tụkwasị na nke a, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ nri dị ka ihe na-esi ísì na coagulant. Agar na-agbaze na gburugburu 90 degrees ma gbasie ike na gburugburu 40 degrees. A na-agbakwunye ya na jelii na jelii ndị a na-erikarị, na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị njọ. A nwekwara ike iji ihe nkwusioru, emulsifiers, stabilizers, and preservatives. A na-eji ya emepụta oroma granular na ihe ọṅụṅụ dị iche iche, jelii, ice cream, achịcha, sweets dị nro, mkpọ, ngwaahịa anụ, Babao Congee, tremella na akwụ nnụnụ, nri ofe na nri oyi.
Carrageenan bụ nnu polysaccharide sulfate nke e mepụtara site na carrageenan, galactose na dehydrated galactose, na 3.6 dehydrated galactose linear chain polymer. Carrageenan ntụ ntụ na-akwụsi ike ma ọ gaghị agafe hydrolysis ọbụna mgbe ọ na-ekpo ọkụ. Carrageenan nwere ezigbo mmeghachi omume protein mmiri ara ehi, nke nwere ike igbochi ihe omume nke nkewa whey mgbe agbakwunyere CMC. Ebumnuche nke ham soseji minced ngwaahịa anụ: Mgbe ejiri ngwaahịa a, ọ nwere ike ime ka ngwaahịa ahụ na-agbanwe, sliced nke ọma, na-enwe oke siri ike na crispness, na nro, dị nro na ume ọhụrụ. Ngwa na nri ihe ọṅụṅụ oyi: Carrageenan nwere ezigbo mmeghachi omume protein mmiri ara ehi, nke nwere ike igbochi echiche nke nkewa whey n'ihi mgbakwunye nke CMC. Ngwa na nri gummy: Carrageenan gummy nwere nghọta dị mma, na-egbuke egbuke, edo edo, agba dị nro, viscosity dị ala, na ụtọ crispy. Ngwa na ngwaahịa mmiri ara ehi: Carrageenan nwere ike ime ka mmiri ara ehi kpokọta ma mepụta. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ nkwusioru na nkwụsi ike na mmiri ara ehi koko, mịpụta koko malt, na tapawa swiiti koko. Na yogọt, cheese dị nro, na ude, enwere ike ịkwado ngwakọta mmiri ara ehi iji mee ka e guzobe gelation. Jiri ya na Baijiu na biya: enwere ike iji ya dị ka onye na-akọwapụta nkọwa ma ọ bụ ihe nkwụsị ụfụfụ. Jiri ya na eriri protein artificial na anụ artificial: Carrageenan na sodium alginate na-agbakwunye na usoro ihe eji eme ihe, ya mere protein adịghị mkpa ịmalite usoro ịka nká. A pụkwara iji ihe ngwọta protein na-enwe ntanye dị ala ma ọ bụ na-enweghị ịdị ọcha maka ntụgharị, ọ pụkwara imeziwanye ike na mmịpụta mmiri nke ntụgharị. Mgbe a na-eji eriri protein eme ihe na-emepụta anụ arụrụ arụ, a pụkwara iji carrageenan mee ihe dị ka nrapado.
Oge nzipu: Jun-02-2023
